Engine cooling system
All vehicles covered in this manual use a closed pressurized cooling system with thermostatically controlled circulation (see fig. 1.1).
The centrifugal type water pump is mounted on the front of the unit. Coolant (coolant) moves from front to back, washing each cylinder. Channels in the cooling jacket direct the coolant to the intake and exhaust ports in the areas of the spark plugs and in close proximity to the exhaust valve guides.
The thermostat is located in a housing on the front of the engine. During warm-up, the thermostat is closed, which prevents coolant from circulating through the radiator. In a warm state, the circulation of the coolant occurs in a large circle.
The cooling system is under pressure, which increases the boiling point of the coolant and the efficiency of the radiator. The pressure level in the system is regulated by a valve in the radiator cap (see fig. 1.3). The expansion tank serves both as a place for filling the coolant system and as a container that accumulates excess coolant when the engine heats up. Heating system.
The heating system consists of an air duct and a heater radiator placed in a common housing and connected to the cooling system by hoses. The degree of heating is controlled from the dashboard. The heated engine coolant circulates through the heater core. When the regulator is turned on to the heating position, warm air is sent to the car interior with the help of dampers, which is forcibly turned on from the dashboard.
Pic. 1.1 Main components of the cooling system (carbureted engine option shown)
1 - radiator cap; 2 - rubber ring; 3 - drain cock; 4 - thermal switch; 5 - expansion tank; 6 - top hose; 7 - bottom step; 8 - stove hoses; 9 - thermostat housing; 10 - bypass; 11 - fan motor; 12 - fan.
Pic. 1.2 Thermostat
1 - seal; 2 - flange; 3 - piston; 4 - nut; 5 - valve seat; 6 - Teflon gasket; 7 - valve; 8 - diaphragm; 9 - wax filler; 10 - spring; 11 - body.
Air conditioning system
The air conditioning system consists of a condenser mounted in front of the radiator of the cooling system, an evaporator mounted on the radiator of the heater, a compressor mounted on the engine, a filter-drier (receiver) with high pressure check valve and related piping.
The fan takes air from the passenger compartment; delivers it to the evaporator, where heat is taken away, and cooled air is supplied to the passenger compartment.
Pic. 1.3 Radiator cap