All brake mechanisms are equipped with self-adjusters. At the same time, compensation for wear of the brake pads of disc mechanisms (front and rear) It is carried out automatically, while special adjusting devices are installed on the drum brake mechanisms, the activation of which occurs during braking, as well as when the parking brake is cocked.
Twin design equipped with two separate reservoirs of the main brake cylinder (GTZ) allows you to split the hydraulic path into two circuits that operate independently of each other. The latter means that in the event of a failure of one of the circuits, the second continues to operate in the same mode, providing adequate braking of the car. The hydraulic circuits are arranged diagonally. Failure of any of the circuits, of course, leads to a decrease in braking efficiency and is accompanied by the operation of a warning lamp on the instrument panel when the foot brake pedal is depressed.
Master brake cylinder (GTZ)
The GTZ is mounted on the brake booster servo assembly mounted on the rear bulkhead of the engine compartment. On top of the cylinder is a large hydraulic fluid reservoir equipped with a plastic cap. The tank is fixed in the cylinder with the help of through bushings and a cylindrical pin.
As mentioned above, the GTZ has a dual design that provides the operation of two independent hydraulic circuits. The fluid pressure in each of the circuits is pumped by an individual piston inside the main cylinder.
Pressure regulator
The regulator valve assembly is mounted on the rear bulkhead of the engine compartment, near the GTZ and provides pressure limitation in the hydraulic drive of the rear wheel brakes, preventing their premature blocking during heavy braking. The valve does not prevent the increase in pressure in the hydraulic circuits of the rear brake mechanisms only until it reaches a certain threshold value, a further increase in pressure is limited.
The regulator is a non-repairable component and must be replaced as an assembly in case of failure.
Vacuum brake booster
The booster uses the vacuum created in the intake piping to improve the efficiency of the hydraulic brake system. The vacuum booster servo is mounted on the rear bulkhead of the engine compartment.
Parking brake
The parking brake control lever is located in the passenger compartment and acts on the traction rod, to which a pair of drive cables is attached (one for each of the rear wheel brakes). When cocking the lever on models equipped with drum rear brakes, the cables pull back on the actuating levers attached to the brake shoe assemblies in both rear wheel mechanisms. In this case, the shoes are bred to the sides, pressing against the working surface of the drums. On models with rear wheel disc brakes, the levers are attached to screw-type actuators in the caliper housings. The levers act on the caliper pistons, forcing the pads to press against the brake discs.
Precautionary measures
Some special precautions should be observed when servicing vehicle brake system components:
- a) Use only DOT 3 grade hydraulic fluid to fill the brake system;
- b) Friction linings of brake pads/shoes may contain hazardous asbestos. Try not to inhale brake dust, do not blow it off with compressed air. To wipe the components of the brake mechanisms, use only special cleaning compounds;
- c) Ensure that all required tolerances and tightening torques of fasteners are observed. When servicing components, use only serviceable tools. At the slightest doubt, seek help from specialists. Remember that the proper functioning of the brakes is the key to traffic safety;
- d) At the slightest sign of a malfunction in the functioning of the brake system, the operation of the car should be suspended!