Fuel pump
Fuel enters the pump through the fuel filter, flows around the armature through a one-way valve, and enters the engine compartment. A silencer is used to dampen pulsations in the fuel flow. The pump has a pressure relief valve. It opens in cases of flow blockage in the outlet channel. When the safety valve is open, fuel flows from the high pressure compartment to the low pressure compartment. There is also a check valve to maintain high fuel pressure in the outlet port after the pump is turned off, making it easier to restart the engine.
Pressure regulator
The fuel pressure regulator maintains a constant fuel pressure in the injectors. The chamber, in which the pressure spring is located, is connected to the air intake manifold. This allows you to maintain a constant fuel pressure at a level of 2.55 atm above the pressure in the manifold. When the pressure difference in the top-beer channel and in the collector exceeds 2.55 atm, the diaphragm is pushed forward and excess fuel flows back into the gas tank through the return pipeline.
Injector
The injector is a constant stroke axial type device driven by a solenoid. The injector consists of a solenoid, plunger, needle valve and body. When an electric current is passed through the solenoid coil, the valve rises and pressurized fuel enters the injector and on to the intake valve. Since the fuel pressure and needle valve lift remain constant, when the needle valve is raised, the amount of fuel injected is determined by the duration of the valve opening, i.e. the duration of the current passing through the solenoid coil. The injector is sealed at the top and bottom with O-rings. These rings also serve to dampen the noise of a running injector.
Resistor
Injection control, i.e. the opening and closing moments of the injector must be very accurate, as this determines the proportion of the mixture of air and fuel. In addition, the injector must have a long service life. To obtain the maximum injector response speed, it is necessary to reduce the current rise time at the moment of applying voltage to the injector coil. Therefore, the number of turns in the coil is reduced to a minimum with the coil reduction circuit. On the other hand, because of this, the coil has a low resistance, which leads to the flow of large currents through the coil. As a result, a significant amount of heat is generated in the coil, which shortens the life of the injector. To reduce the current flowing through the coil, a limiting resistor is installed between the voltage source and the coil.
Main relay
The main relay is a direct connection type and consists of separate relays for powering the ECU and the fuel pump. The relay is located at the rear of the fuse box.
Maintenance Precautions
- Do not turn on the fuel pump when there is no fuel in the pipelines.
- Do not reuse fuel hose clamps.
- Check that all ECU multi-wire connectors are securely fastened. Poor electrical contact can cause high voltage to be applied to the coil and capacitor, causing the integrated circuits to burn out.
- During maintenance, keep all parts of the ECU module and connector pins dry.
- Before disconnecting any components, turn off the ignition and disconnect the battery ground wire.
- Use only a 12 volt battery as the power source.
- Do not disconnect the battery wires while the engine is running.
- Do not press the accelerator pedal while starting the engine.
- Do not give the engine a high speed immediately after starting, or immediately before turning off the blower.
- Do not power the injectors directly from the battery.