There are three main types of pollutants produced by a car: crankcase gases, exhaust gases and gasoline vapours. These types of pollutants are divided into 3 categories: unburned hydrocarbons (NS), carbon monoxide (SO) and nitric oxide (NOx). Vehicle equipment designed to control the emission of these substances is called engine emission control equipment and is governed by the laws of the region in which the vehicle is operated. Due to the difference in the legislation of different countries, each has its own emission control equipment.
Terms used in this chapter:
- CO: carbon monoxide.
- CVC: constant volume control valve.
- EACV: automotive air control valve.
- ECU: on-board computer.
- HC: unburnt hydrocarbon.
- MAP sensor: manifold absolute pressure sensor.
- PA sensor: atmospheric pressure sensor.
- TA sensor: intake air temperature sensor.
- TDC (or TDC): top dead center.
- TW sensor: engine coolant temperature sensor.